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In short, it depends.
In very general terms, employees working in the UK who have been employed for 12 months or more are protected against being unfairly dismissed. There are numerous exceptions, however, and you should take advice on your specific circumstances before bringing a claim. In addition, employees are protected against being dismissed for certain reasons (these are numerous and include trade union membership and health and safety-related reasons) from the start of their employment and need not have been employed for 12 months before being able to bring a claim.
You will also need to appeal the decision to dismiss you, in writing, prior to being able to bring an unfair dismissal claim at employment tribunal.
You should also be aware that there are certain time limits that apply to the bringing of employment tribunal claims. As a basic rule of thumb, you will need to appeal the decision to dismiss you, wait 28 days from the date of the appeal and then lodge your tribunal claim all within 3 months of the date of termination. Whilst extensions of time may be available, you should not rely upon these.
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